The four-page "Rough draught" illustrates the numerous additions, deletions, and corrections made at each step along the way. During the ensuing congressional debates of July 1-4, Congress adopted thirty-nine further revisions to the committee draft. Before the committee submitted the declaration to Congress on June 28, they made forty-seven emendations to the document. Jefferson produced a "fair" copy of his draft declaration, which became the basic text of his "original Rough draught." The text was first submitted to Adams, then Franklin, and finally to the other two members of the committee.
The committee then appointed Jefferson to draft a statement. On June 11, in anticipation of the impending vote for independence from Great Britain, the Continental Congress appointed five men-Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston-to write a declaration that would make clear to all the people why this break from their sovereign, King George III, was both necessary and inevitable. The "original Rough draught" of the Declaration of Independence, one of the great milestones in American history, shows the evolution of the text from the initial "fair copy" draft by Thomas Jefferson to the final text adopted by Congress on the morning of July 4, 1776. Rough Draft of Declaration of Independence These conditions are ideal for paper documents. The temperature in the vault is 50 degrees F. The lack of oxygen and the cold temperature and stable humidity inside of the vault extends the life of these documents by several hundred years. Select Top Treasures are housed in sealed enclosures with argon, an inert gas that displaces oxygen. Treatment: The Virginia Declaration of Rights is one of the Library's Top Treasures and is stored in a cold vault. This uniquely influential document was also used by James Madison in drawing up the Bill of Rights (1789) and by the Marquis de Lafayette in drafting the French Declaration of the Rights of Man (1789).
#Bach original manuscripts free#
Mason wrote that "all men are born equally free and independent, and have certain inherent natural rights.among which are the Enjoyment of Life and Liberty, with the Means of acquiring and possessing Property, and pursuing and obtaining Happiness and Safety." Thomas Jefferson drew heavily from this document when he drafted the Declaration of Independence one month later. These are ideal conditions for paper documents.Ī call for American independence from Britain, the Virginia Declaration of Rights was drafted by George Mason in May 1776 and amended by Thomas Ludwell Lee and the Virginia Convention.
Each treasure is housed in a protective enclosure. Treatment: The Top Treasures are stored in a cold storage vault in the Conservation Division. But the second page is on what has been loosely described as foolscap, suggesting that Lincoln was not fully satisfied with the final paragraph of the Address and rewrote that passage in Gettysburg on November 18 while staying at the home of Judge David Wills. The first page of this copy is on White House (then Executive Mansion) stationery, lending strong support to the theory that it was drafted in Washington, D.C. Delivered by President Abraham Lincoln in Gettysburg, Pa., at the dedication of a memorial cemetery on November 19, 1863, it is now familiarly known as "The Gettysburg Address." Drawing inspiration from his favorite historical document, the Declaration of Independence, Lincoln equated the catastrophic suffering caused by the Civil War with the efforts of the American people to live up to the proposition that "all men are created equal." This document is presumed to be the only working, or pre-delivery, draft and is commonly identified as the "Nicolay Copy" because it was once owned by John George Nicolay, Lincoln's private secretary. Seen here is the earliest known of the five drafts of what may be the most famous American speech.
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